How Efficient Is Underfloor Heating? What is The Underfloor Heating kWh Per m2? Explained: All You Need To Know

Underfloor heating is one of the top choices for warming up a home in today’s age, and it’s even taking over the more traditional radiator. While many people swap over to this innovative system because it’s sleek and modern, that’s not the only reason. It’s also an extremely efficient way to heat up your property, even if you’re in a commercial setting, and can save you a lot in the long run.

But exactly how efficient is it? And how much does underfloor heating cost? The running costs of underfloor heating systems depend on factors such as insulation quality, heating duration, and the type of flooring used. We have all the answers for you in this comprehensive guide. Keep reading to discover more about the efficiency of underfloor heating kwh per m2 and how you can make the most of it yourself.

Despite its underlying significance, screed is one of the most overlooked aspects of construction. Screed serves multiple functions, whether used as a protective layer for your flooring or to allow underfloor heating systems to operate even more efficiently. It currently stands as one of the most versatile materials throughout the construction industry.

This complete guide to the different types of screed, how to lay floor screed, and its advantages and disadvantages. We will uncover everything there is to know about this overlooked component, shedding light on just how important it is in construction.

How underfloor heating works

What is Underfloor Heating?

Underfloor heating is a type of heating system that involves installing heating elements, such as pipes or electric mats, under the floor to warm a room or building. This innovative heating method is gaining popularity due to its remarkable energy efficiency, enhanced comfort, and design flexibility. Unlike traditional radiators, underfloor heating provides an even distribution of warmth, creating a cosy environment without cold spots.

Underfloor heating systems can be powered by various sources, including boilers, heat pumps, or electricity. This versatility makes them suitable for both new builds and retrofitting existing buildings. Whether you’re looking to upgrade your home’s heating system or planning a new build, underfloor heating offers a modern, efficient solution for homes in Glasgow, Edinburgh, and surrounding areas, significantly improving your living space.

Types of underfloor heating systems

Underfloor heating systems come in different forms, with the two main ones being electric and hydronic (or water). These both work in similar ways but use different components:

Electric underfloor heating system

Electric underfloor heating systems are designed to provide heat to a property from below. Under the floors, a series of cables or underfloor heating mats. These are connected to a power source, and when turned on, they will gradually warm up in sequence and then heat up the room above. These are best recommended for singular rooms rather than for a house/property. The energy consumption of electric underfloor heating systems varies, and underfloor heating use can be influenced by factors such as room size and insulation quality.

Water underfloor heating system

Water underfloor heating systems work in the same way as their electric counterpart. However, instead of using cables and heating mats, they utilise pipes and tubes connected to a manifold. When turned on, warm water will flow through the series of pipes and ultimately heat up the surface area above. These are good to use throughout entire properties. Water underfloor heating systems rely on a boiler or heat pump to circulate hot water through the pipes.

Underfloor Heating Wattage

Underfloor heating wattage refers to the amount of power required to heat a room or building using underfloor heating. The wattage needed can vary based on several factors, including the size of the room, the type of flooring, and the level of insulation. For instance, larger rooms or those with high heat loss will typically require a higher wattage to maintain a comfortable temperature.

Electric underfloor heating systems are available in different wattage options to suit various needs. Common options include 100W, 150W, and 200W per square metre. Choosing the right wattage is crucial for ensuring efficient heating and minimising energy consumption. We will explore this in more detail further down in the blog. Consulting with a professional can help you determine the most suitable wattage for your specific requirements, ensuring your underfloor heating system operates efficiently and effectively.

Comparing underfloor heating efficiency over other systems

So, now you know what underfloor heating is and how it works. How do these systems compare in terms of efficiency compared to other systems? Here are three we’re going to look at:

Traditional radiators

Floor heating, particularly underfloor heating, is undoubtedly more efficient than traditional heating methods like radiators. This is mainly because they distribute heat evenly across the floor, rather than sticking to one area of the room. These underfloor systems also operate at lower temperatures and minimise air circulation.

Air source heat pumps

Air source heat pumps (ASHPs) are a strong contender against underfloor heating in terms of efficiency. They draw heat from outside, which makes them much more eco-friendly; however, this means that they can only work at an optimal level depending on the weather. Underfloor heating can also use renewable energy but without having to rely on certain conditions. To use underfloor heating efficiently, focus on practical tips like optimising temperature settings and strategies to reduce heating costs during colder months. To learn more about it, please get in touch with us to get professional assistance around your underfloor heating system

Geothermal heating

Geothermal heating is another alternative system that many people debate over installing compared to underfloor heating. It uses the heat from the earth to warm up the home, which makes it much more sustainable and efficient. However, it can cost a lot more to install than underfloor heating. Some people might use both these systems together for ultimate efficiency.

Electric underfloor heating efficiency

You already know how electric underfloor heating works, but how does this affect its efficiency? Overall, these systems can be highly efficient, especially when they are installed with the right insulation and controls. However, since they are still using electricity to generate heat, they aren’t considered as efficient as hydronic systems and therefore are better for singular rooms because they are cheaper to install.

The electric underfloor heating kw per m2 ranges around 100W/m2 to 200W/m2 depending on the type of system you’ve had installed or the possibility of heat loss in the room. The wattage required per square metre helps determine the necessary power to effectively heat different room sizes and types, particularly noting the variations based on insulation and room age, which influences the efficiency and running costs of the heating solutions. You can most likely find out the exact wattage of a system when talking to a professional.

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Water underfloor heating efficiency

As we mentioned, water underfloor heating systems are generally more efficient than their electric counterpart. They are considered one of the most energy-efficient central heating systems, especially when they’re paid with modern condensing boilers or high-efficiency heat pumps. And while they might cost a bit more to install at first, the operating costs are much lower than radiators and electric underfloor heating, making them a great investment.

Water underfloor heating systems typically require between 40 and 100 watts per square metre, depending on the building type and conditions. As you can see, this is much lower and more efficient, but make sure to check with your engineer before having an installation.

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“Next Level recently installed underfloor heating pipes and screed to our self-build. Alan and his team turned up when they said they would, did a first-class job, and communicated clearly the entire time. All of the team take huge pride in their work.”

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Factors Affecting Efficiency

Several factors can affect the efficiency of an underfloor heating system. These include:

• Insulation: Proper insulation is essential to prevent heat loss and to ensure the heat goes up into the room. Insulation beneath the floor can significantly improve the system’s efficiency.
• Floor covering: The type of floor covering used can affect the efficiency of the system. Materials like tile and stone are good conductors of heat, while wood and carpet can reduce the system’s efficiency by being insulators.
• Room size: Larger rooms require more energy to heat which can affect the overall efficiency of the system. Consider the room size when planning your underfloor heating installation.
• Room insulation: The level of insulation in the room itself also plays a role. Well insulated rooms can reduce heat loss and improve the overall efficiency of the system, resulting to lower energy consumption and costs.

By addressing these factors, you can optimise your underfloor heating system and have a warm, energy-efficient home.

Thermostat Options and Control

Thermostats play a big role in controlling the temperature of an underfloor heating system. There are various types of thermostats available, each with different levels of control and convenience:

• Manual thermostats: These are simple and easy to use, you can manually adjust the temperature as needed. They may not have advanced features but they are straightforward and reliable.
• Programmable thermostats: These allow you to set different temperatures for different times of the day which can improve energy efficiency. By scheduling heating periods you can ensure your home is warm when you need it and save energy when you don’t.
• Smart thermostats: These advanced devices can learn the heating pattern of a building and adjust the temperature accordingly. They can also be controlled remotely using a smartphone app, more convenience and more energy efficiency.
• Dual control thermostats: These allow you to control two heating appliances with one thermostat, useful for larger buildings or homes with multiple heating zones.

Choosing the right thermostat can make a big impact on the efficiency and convenience of your underfloor heating system and help you maintain a comfortable environment while minimising energy consumption.

Insulation and Underfloor Heating

Insulation is key for underfloor heating systems to work efficiently. Proper insulation prevents heat loss and directs the heat up into the room so the warmth generated by the system is utilised effectively. There are various types of insulation available, each with its own benefits:

• Foam insulation: This is a popular choice for underfloor heating systems because of its high insulation value and ease of installation. Foam insulation has high thermal resistance and keeps the heat where it should be.
• Fibreglass insulation: Another common option, fibreglass insulation has high insulation value and affordability. It’s a versatile material that can be used in various applications to improve the efficiency of your heating system.
• Reflective insulation: Designed to reflect heat, not absorb it, reflective insulation can improve the efficiency of the system by directing more heat into the room. This type of insulation is best for reducing heat loss.

By using the right type and amount of insulation, building owners can improve the efficiency of their underfloor heating system and reduce their energy bills. Insulation not only improves the performance of the heating system but also the overall energy efficiency of the home.

Is underfloor heating expensive?

Underfloor heating costs tend to vary depending on the type of system you’re running, how it’s installed, and the size of the area that needs to be warmed up. You might notice that the initial installation cost is higher than that of a traditional central heating system like a radiator. However, they offer much more energy efficiency each month, which means you have longer-term savings when using them.

As we’ve mentioned, electric underfloor heating systems are much more affordable when it comes to installation; however, they have a higher kw per m2 number, leading to higher operating costs. Hydronic systems might cost more upfront, but you definitely end up saving more in the future.

Tips for maximising underfloor heating system efficiency

Want to increase the efficiency of your underfloor heating system even more? Here are a few tips you can follow:

• Ensure proper insulation beneath the floor to minimise heat loss
• Use programmable thermostats to regulate temperature efficiently.
• Opt for zone control to heat specific areas only when needed.
• Regularly maintain the system to ensure optimal performance.
• Choose energy-efficient floor coverings that allow heat to transfer effectively.
• Avoid obstructing the heat flow with heavy furniture or rugs.
• Consider installing thermal mass materials like screed for better heat retention.
• Monitor and adjust the system settings according to seasonal changes in temperature.

Conclusion

Underfloor heating can be an extremely energy-efficient addition to your home, especially when you use it to replace an old traditional system such as a radiator. The wattage is much lower, and you end up saving on costs, especially when using a water system.

If you need help installing a water or electric underfloor heating system or want to know more about its efficiency, Next Level is here to help. Contact one of our experts to get started with a free consultation and quote.